In options are paid for today but first come into existence if the asset price S hits the barrier H before expiration.
Out options are similar to standard options except that the option is knocked out (or becomes worthless) if the asset price S hits the barrier before expiration.
This function utilizes an analytical (closed-form) algorithm.
Note that the risk (greek) numbers produced are the mathematically defined equivalent of a derivative (instantaneous change).
You can convert the risk number to your own definition of risk by multiplying by the shift you require.
For example, for a typical definition of VANNA, (change in underlying and volatility), where one defines the change in the underlying as a single unit of change (1.0) and the change in volatility as a one percent change (0.01), simply multiply the VANNA result calculated by (1.0*0.01).
For VEGA, change in volatility of one percent (0.01), simply multiply the VEGA result by 0.01. Within option contracts THETA is negative, however the mathematically defined equivalent of THETA (instantaneous FORWARD change in time) is positive.
Internally we have negated this value for you.
To express THETA as THETA per day, simply multiply the THETA result by 1/365 or 1/252 (depending on whether you require calendar days or business days).
This function returns a partial derivative matrix of all second order derivatives (Hessian matrix).
Each individual second order derivative as well as the first order derivatives can be obtained, individually, via the pricing functions present within the
CapeTools Exotic Options category of functions.
However this function computes all the second order risk numbers in a single function call.
- ValueDate parameter
Valuation Date (typically equal to Today's date)
- dayCounter parameter
For any input parameter within this function that represents a dividend rate, risk free rate, foreign rate or holding cost rate, these rates will be defined as annually compounded using the DayCounter defined within this parameter. Thus if 'actual365' is used for this 'dayCounter' parameter, then all input parameters that represent a dividend, risk free, foreign or holding cost rates will be defined as annually compounded Actual365 rates.
- BarrierType parameter
Option Types CDI, CUI, PDI, PUI, CDO, CUO, PDO, PUO
- Underlying parameter
Underlying price
- X parameter
Strike price of the option
- Barrier parameter
Continuous Barrier level
- AdjBarrFreq parameter
Monitoring frequency that you wish the continuous barrier level value entered to have. (Basically will convert the barrier from continuous to discrete. If you choose 'Continuously', the barrier will still be a Continuous barrier). Valid values are : Continuously, Hourly, Daily, Weekly or Monthly.
- K parameter
Rebate amount.
- Time parameter
Time to option maturity.
- Rate parameter
For the underlying (equity, futures, FX or commodity), this should be an annualised rate (risk free rate or foreign rate). If this is an option on a FX underlying, then if the underlying is quoted as domestic/foreign then this rate will be the domestic rate. If, however, the FX underlying is quoted as foreign/domestic then this will be the foreign rate.
- B parameter
For the underlying (equity, futures, FX or commodity), this should be an annualised rate (dividend rate, risk free rate, foreign rate or holding cost rate respectively). If this is an option on a FX underlying, then if the underlying is quoted as domestic/foreign then this rate will be the foreign rate. If, however, the FX underlying is quoted as foreign/domestic then this will be the domestic rate.
- Vol parameter
Volatility of the underlying.
The C# example below contains all the sub-function calls leading up to this function call. As a result, the example can contain a lot of code.
The VB.NET, J#, C++.NET, Java, Excel VBA, Visual Basic 6 (via COM) and C++ examples below contain function code stubs for the calls leading up to this function call. However, the function call for this function is displayed.
You can easily reproduce the stub functions code from the
C# example.
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Function Syntax